Methanotroph Taxonomy

Methanotroph Taxonomy

2. Methanotroph Taxonomy

Many methanotrophic cultures have been isolated and formally characterized over the past 4 decades, starting with the classical study of Whittenbury, Phillips, and Wilkinson (Whittenbury et al., 1970).  Currently, there are 19 formally described genera known.  As taxonomic techniques became more sophisticated, some of the strains that had been studied were renamed, making tracing literature for a specific strain difficult.  The table below lists the species that have been formally described as of July 1, 2013, with information about other names used.

Table 2.1. Validated names of methanotrophs

Name References Alternate name Repository
Alphaproteobacteria, class Methylocystaceae
Methylosinus sporium (Bowman, 1993)Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 43:735–753 NCIB 11126T= ATCC 35069T= ACM 3306T=IMET 10545T
Methylosinus trichosporium* (Bowman, 1993) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 43:735–753. OB3bT (= NCIB 11131T= ATCC 35070T= ACM 3311T=IMET 10543T)
Methylocystis parvus* (Bowman, 1993) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 43:735–753. ‘Methylocystis parva’ OBBPT (= NCIB 11129T= ATCC 35066T= ACM 3309T=IMET 10483T)
Methylocystis echinoides (Galchenko, 1977) 2nd Symp. Microbial growth on C1-compounds, p.10-12.(Haubold, 1978)J. Basic Microbiol. 18: 511-517.(Bowman, 1993) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 43:735–753. 2T (= IMET 10491)
Methylocystis rosea (Wartiainen et al., 2006b) Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 56: 541–547. SV97T (= DSM 17261T = ATCC BAA-1196T)
Methylocystis heyeri (Dedysh et al., 2007) Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 57: 472–479. H2T (=DSM 16984T=VKM B-2426T)
Methylocystis hirsuta (Lindner et al., 2007)Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 57: 1891–1900. CSC1T (=ATCC BAA-1344T =DSM 18500T)
Methylocella palustris* (Dedysh et al., 2000)Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 50: 955–969 KT (= ATCC 700799T)
Methylocella silvestris (Dunfield et al., 2003)Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 53: 1231–1239. BL2T (=DSM 15510T=NCIMB 13906T )
Methylocella tundrae (Dedysh et al., 2004)Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 54: 151–156 T4T (=DSM 15673T=NCIMB 13949T)
Methylocapsa acidiphila* (Dedysh et al., 2002)Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 52: 251–261. B2T (= DSM 13967T = NCIMB 13765T)
Methylocapsa aurea (Dunfield et al., 2010)Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 60: 2659–2664 KYGT (=DSM 22158T=VKM B-2544T)
Methyloferula stellata* (Vorobev et al., 2011)Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61: 2456–2463. AR4T(=DSM 22108T =LMG 25277T =VKM B-2543T
 
Gammaproteobacteria, family Methylococcaceae
Methylomonas aurantiaca (1990)Validation list N35 Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 40: 470–471Bowman et al. (1990)Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 13: 279-287 JB103T (= UQM 3406T)
Methylomonas fodinarum (1990) Validation list N35  Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 40: 470–471(Bowman, 1990) Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 13: 279-287 JB13T (=ACM 3268T)
Methylomonas methanica* (1984)Validation list N15, Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 34: 355–357(Whittenbury and Krieg, 1984) V.1 256-261]. “Bacillus methanicus” [(Söhngen, 1906) Zentr. Bakt. Parazitenk 15: 513-517]
“Methanomonas methanicus” (Orla-Jensen, 1909)
“Pseudomonas methanica”
[(Dworkin and Foster, 1956) J. Bacteriol. 72: 646-659]
[(Harrington and Kallio, 1960) Can. J. Microbiol. 6: 1-7]
S1T(= NCIB 11130T= ATCC 35067T=IMET 10543T)
Methylomonas scandinavica (Kalyuzhnaya et al., 1999)System. Appl. Microbiol. 22: 565–572;(2000b) Validation list No.74 Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 50: 949–950. SR5T (=VKM B-2140T)
“Methylomonas rubra” (Romanovskaya et al., 2006) Mikrobiologiya (Moscow) 75: 689-693. “Methylomonas rubrum”[(Whittenbury et al., 1970) J. Gen. Microbiol. 61: 205-218] 15shT (=NCIMB 11913T=UCM B-3075T=ACM3303T)
Methylomonas koyamae (Ogiso et al., 2012) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 62(8):1832-1837. Fw12E-YT(= JCM 16701T=NBRC 105905T=NCIMB 14606T)
Methylomonas paludis (Danilova, In press) Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 63: in press MG30T (=DSM
24973T = VKM B-2745T)
Methylobacter psychrophilus (2000a)Validation list N73, Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 50: 423–424.(Omelchenko et al., 1996)Mikrobiologiya (Moscow). 65: 339–343.(Tourova et al., 1999)Mikrobiologiya (Moscow) 68: 568-570 Z-0021T(=VKM B-2103 T)
Methylobacter tundripaludum (Wartiainen et al., 2006a) Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 56: 109–113. SV96T (= DSM 17260 T = ATCC BAA-1195 T)
Methylobacter luteus* (Bowman, 1993) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 43:735–753. ‘Methylococcus  luteus’
‘Methylococcus bovis’ [(Romanovskaya et al., 1978) Mikrobiologiya (Moscow) 47: 96-103]
ACM 3304T  =NCIMB 11914T= ACM 3304)
Methylobacter bovis (Brusseau et al., 1994) Appl. Env. Microbiol. 60: 626-636.   89 T (= VKM  2111T)
Methylobacter marinus (Bowman, 1993) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 43:735–753. “Methylomonas marinus”[(Lidstrom, 1988)Ant. Leeuwenhoek 54: 189-199] A4T=A45T (=ACM 4717T)
Methylobacter whittenburyi (Bowman, 1993) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 43:735–753. “Methylococcus whittenburyi”
“Methylococcus vinelandii”[(Romanovskaya et al., 1978) Mikrobiologiya (Moscow) 47: 96-103]
“Methylobacter capsulatus” [Erratum (Bowman et al., 1994) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 44: 375]
Y (=ACM 3310 T =NCIMB 11128 T  =ATCC 51738 T)
Methylococcus capsulatus* (Skerman et al., 1980) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 30:225–430.(Bowman, 1993) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 43:735–753. BATHT  (= ACM 3302T=ATCC 3309 T = NCIMB 11132 T)
Methylococcus capsulatus (Bowman, 1993)Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 43:735–753.(Whittenbury et al., 1970) J. Gen. Microbiol. 61:205-218 Texas (=ACM 1292T= ATCC 19069T= NCIMB 11853T)
Methylococcus thermophilus (Skerman et al., 1980) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 30:225–430.(Bowman, 1995) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 45: 182–185.(Malashenko et al., 1975) Mikrobiologiya (Moscow) 44: 855-862. IMV-B 3037T (=ACM 3585T)
Methylococcus mobilis (1980)Validation list N5 Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 30:676–677.(Hazeu et al., 1980) Arch. Mikrobiol. 124: 211-220. (=LMD 77.28T)
Methylomicrobium agile *  (Bowman, 1995) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 45: 182–185. “Methylomonas agile”[(Whittenbury et al., 1970) J. Gen. Microbiol. 61:205-218]
“Methylobacter agilis”[(Bowman, 1993) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 43:735–753.]
A30 (=ACM 3308T =ATCC 35068 T = NCIMB 11124T)
Methylomicrobium album (Bowman, 1995) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 45: 182–185. ‘Methylomonas albus’[(Whittenbury et al., 1970) J. Gen. Microbiol. 61:205-218]
“Methylobacter albus”[(Bowman, 1993) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 43:735–753].
BG8T (= ACM 3314T =NCIMB 11123T)
 
Methylomicrobium pelagicum (Bowman, 1995) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 45: 182–185. “Methylomonas pelagica”[(Sieburth et al., 1987) Curr. Microbiol. 14(5): 285-293]
“Methylobacter pelagicus”[(Bowman, 1993) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 43:735–753].
ACM 3505T =NCIMB 2265T
Methylomicrobium buryatense (2001)Validation list N83 Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 51: 1945.(Kaluzhnaya et al., 2001) Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 24: 166–176. 5B T (=VKM B-2245 T)
Methylomicrobium kenyense (Kalyuzhnaya et al., 2008) Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 58: 591–596 Methylomicrobium sp. AMO1(Sorokin et al., 2000) Extermophiles. 4:145-155. AMO1T( =NCCB 97157T =NCIMB 13566T =VKM B-2464T)
Methylomicrobium japanense (Kalyuzhnaya et al., 2008) Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 58: 591–596. Methylomicrobium sp. NI[(Fuse et al., 1998) Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 62:1925-1931] NIT : VKM B-2462T =FERM BP-5633T =NBRC 103677 T
Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum (Kalyuzhnaya et al., 2008) Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 58: 591–596 “Methylobacter alcaliphilus’” [(Khmelenina et al., 1997) Curr. Microbiol. 35: 257-261.] 20ZT: VKM B-2133 T=NCIMB 14124 T
Methylosphaera hansonii* (Bowman et al., 1997) Microbiology.143: 1451–1459;(1998a)Validation list N64 Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol.48: 327–328. AM6T (=ACAM 549 T)
Methylocaldum gracile (Bodrossy et al., 1997) Arch. Microbiol.168: 493–503.(1998b)Validation list N 66 Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 48: 631–632. “Methylomonas gracilis”[(Romanovskaya et al., 1978) Mikrobiologiya (Moscow) 47: 96-103] VKM 14LT = NCIMB 11912T)
Methylocaldum szegediense* (Bodrossy et al., 1997) Arch. Microbiol.168: 493–503;(1998b)Validation list N 66 Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 48: 631–632. OR2T ( =NCIMBT)
Methylocaldum tepidum (Bodrossy et al., 1997) Arch. Microbiol.168: 493–503;(1998b)Validation list N 66 Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 48: 631–632. LK6T (= NCIMBT)
Methylosarcina fibrata* (Wise et al., 2001) Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 51:  611–621. AML-C10T (= ATCC 700909T = DSM 13736T)
Methylosarcina quisquiliarum (Wise et al., 2001) Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 51:  611–621. AML-D4T (= ATCC 700908T = DSM 13737T)
Methylosarcina lacus (Kalyuzhnaya et al., 2005) Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 55: 2345–2350. LW14T (=ATCC BAA-1047T=JCM 13284T)
Methylothermus thermalis* (Tsubota et al., 2005) Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 55: 1877–1884. MYHTT (=VKM B-2345T=IPOD FERM P-19714T
Methylothermus subterraneus (Hirayama et al., 2011) J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61: 2646-2653. HTM55 T ( = JCM 13664 T = DSM 19750T).
Methylohalobius crimeensis (Heyer et al., 2005) Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 55: 1817-1826. 10KiT (=DSM 16011T=ATCC BAA-967T)
Methylogaea oryzae* (Geymonat et al., 2011) Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61: 2568-2572. E10T (=JCM 16910T = DSM 23452T)
Methylosoma difficile* (Rahalkar et al., 2007) Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2007. V.57. P.1073–1080. LC2 T (=JCM 14076T =DSM 18750 T)
Methylomarinum vadi (Hirayama et al., 2013) Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 63(3):1073-1082. IT-4T (=JCM 13665T =DSM 18976T).
Methylovulum miyakonense (Iguchi et al., 2011) Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 63(3):1073-1082. HT12T (=NBRC 106162T =DSM 23269T =ATCC BAA-2070T)
“Crenothrix polyspora’” (Stoecker et al., 2006) PNAS. 103(7): 2363-2367. Not pure culture
“Clonothrix fusca” (Vigliotta et al., 2007) Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73 (11): 3556-3565. Not pure culture
Verrucomicrobia
“Methylacidiphilum fumariolicum” (Op den Camp et al., 2009) Environ. Microbiol. Rep. 1: 293–306. “Acidimethylosilex fumariolicum”[(Pol et al., 2007) Nature. 450: 874-878]. SolV
“Methylacidiphilum kamchatkensis” (Op den Camp et al., 2009) Environ. Microbiol. Rep. 1: 293–306. “Methyloacida kamchatkensis”[(Islam et al., 2008) PNAS. 105: 300-304] Kam1
“Methylacidiphilum infernorum” (Op den Camp et al., 2009) Environ. Microbiol. Rep. 1: 293–306. “Methylokorus infernorum”[(Dunfield et al., 2007) Nature. 450: 879-882]. V4

*Type species